Debiaser for Multiple Variables to enhance fairness in classification tasks     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(2):103226

Nowadays assuring that search and recommendation systems are fair and do not apply discrimination among any kind of population has become of paramount importance. This is also highlighted by some of the sustainable development goals proposed by the United Nations. Those systems typically rely on machine learning algorithms that solve the classification task. Although the problem of fairness has been widely addressed in binary classification, unfortunately, the fairness of multi-class classification problem needs to be further investigated lacking well-established solutions. For the aforementioned reasons, in this paper, we present the Debiaser for Multiple Variables (DEMV), an approach able to mitigate unbalanced groups bias (i.e., bias caused by an unequal distribution of instances in the population) in both binary and multi-class classification problems with multiple sensitive variables. The proposed method is compared, under several conditions, with a set of well-established baselines using different categories of classifiers. At first we conduct a specific study to understand which is the best generation strategies and their impact on DEMV’s ability to improve fairness. Then, we evaluate our method on a heterogeneous set of datasets and we show how it overcomes the established algorithms of the literature in the multi-class classification setting and in the binary classification setting when more than two sensitive variables are involved. Finally, based on the conducted experiments, we discuss strengths and weaknesses of our method and of the other baselines.  相似文献   

Artificial intelligence implication on energy sustainability in Internet of Things: A survey     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(2):103212

The massive number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices connected to the Internet is continuously increasing. The operations of these devices rely on consuming huge amounts of energy. Power limitation is a major issue hindering the operation of IoT applications and services. To improve operational visibility, Low-power devices which constitute IoT networks, drive the need for sustainable sources of energy to carry out their tasks for a prolonged period of time. Moreover, the means to ensure energy sustainability and QoS must consider the stochastic nature of the energy supplies and dynamic IoT environments. Artificial Intelligence (AI) enhanced protocols and algorithms are capable of predicting and forecasting demand as well as providing leverage at different stages of energy use to supply. AI will improve the efficiency of energy infrastructure and decrease waste in distributed energy systems, ensuring their long-term viability. In this paper, we conduct a survey to explore enhanced AI-based solutions to achieve energy sustainability in IoT applications. AI is relevant through the integration of various Machine Learning (ML) and Swarm Intelligence (SI) techniques in the design of existing protocols. ML mechanisms used in the literature include variously supervised and unsupervised learning methods as well as reinforcement learning (RL) solutions. The survey constitutes a complete guideline for readers who wish to get acquainted with recent development and research advances in AI-based energy sustainability in IoT Networks. The survey also explores the different open issues and challenges.  相似文献   

Multi-task learning based high-value patent and standard-essential patent identification model     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(3):103327

The high-value patent identification (HVPI) and the standard-essential patent identification (SEPI) are two important issues in the fields of intellectual property and the standardization, respectively. Almost all the HVPI and the SEPI are based on the single-task learning. In this paper, we unify the HVPI and the SEPI in a multi-task learning framework in consideration of the mutual reinforcement of the two tasks. In our model, we extract the patent structured features and embed the patent textual features using the pre-training model. Given these features, we explore a multi-task learning based identification model to identify the high-value patents and the standard-essential patents. We evaluate our model by comparing with two state-of-the-art models on the 5 balanced datasets and 2 imbalanced datasets. The results show our multi-task learning based model outperforms significantly these single-tasking learning based models in the measurements: precision, recall, F1 and accuracy. On the balanced datasets, the average increments of measurements are 1.3%, 1.29%, 1.28% and 1.28% respectively. On the imbalanced datasets, the average increments of measurements are 2.24%, 1.62%, 1.75% and 0.66% respectively.  相似文献   

Exploring an intervention’s impact on everyday school activities     

Marianne Björn  Idor Svensson 《Support for Learning》2021,36(1):5-19

The focus of this paper is on a group of pupils with reading and writing difficulties who have been participating in an intervention study using assistive technology. That intervention study contained supervised training sessions with reading and writing tasks using an iPad with special supportive applications. The current study is a qualitative investigation of whether there has been any transfer from the intervention, to the pupils’ everyday school activities. Interviews with pupils and their teachers and observations during classroom lectures have been used to collect data. The results show that the pupils were positive to the assistive technology (the applications on the iPads), they found the apps easy to learn how to use and they appreciated the benefits they could give. Even so, only a few of the pupils had found use for and continued to use the tools after the intervention period finished. Possible reasons are that when the novelty wore off, students reverted to their usual study habits and that older students with many teachers and different classrooms were less able to adapt to using the apps. To improve transfer, it is suggested to introduce assistive technology earlier to students, in the younger grades, before study habits have been formed and to inform teachers about the use of AT in the classroom, including what is available and how it can benefit students.  相似文献   

Recording the war effort: immigrant communities in Latin America and the memory of the Great War     

María Inés Tato 《档案与原稿》2020,48(2):200-215

ABSTRACT

This paper aims to analyse the initiatives undertaken by some immigrant communities residing in Latin America to record their mobilisation around the First World War. After the armistice, European communities in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and other countries gathered detailed information about their activities during the conflict, published as profusely illustrated books of remembrance, offered to their governments as proof of their loyalty. The article intends to establish the peculiar nature of these publications as records of the war effort, and analyse the agents and processes of their elaboration, and their role as commemorative but also as archival documents.  相似文献   

美国《图书馆杂志》“年度图书馆”奖获得者服务特色分析     

谈大军  王梦迪 《图书情报工作》2020,64(7):145-152

[目的/意义] 对美国《图书馆杂志》从1992年开始设立的"年度图书馆"奖的评选标准以及获奖图书馆的特色服务进行研究，旨在为我国图书馆开展特色化服务提供借鉴。[方法/过程] 通过网络调查法和案例分析法，对2000-2018年获得"年度图书馆"奖的19所图书馆开展的特色服务进行比较分析。[结果/结论] 获奖图书馆的服务特色：重视公民教育，强化教育职能；强调均等服务理念，体现人文关怀；提供多元社区信息服务，参与社区建设；树立品牌意识，打造品牌项目。对我国图书馆界的启示：科学合理地进行角色定位；积极参与社区贫困计划；强化特色服务品牌意识；拓宽合作领域。  相似文献   

Assisting,Instructing, Assessing: 21st Century Student Centered Librarianship     

Lauren Newton  Daniel E. Feinberg 《The Reference Librarian》2020,61(1):25-41

ABSTRACT

For librarians at the University of North Florida, there was a need to move beyond information literacy instruction to one-on-one and small group research consultations to aid in student success. By staffing the research desk with staff and students, librarians were able to open their calendars to allow more time for in-person, phone, and online consultations to aid in meeting the research goals of students at the institution. After assessing the research consultation program for two years, there has been a positive correlation between research consultation usage, satisfaction in completing assignments, and student success measures throughout the university.  相似文献   

应用型人才培养模式下的“开放式”体育教学改革与研究——以莆田学院为例     

彭毅  陈小芳 《当代体育科技》2020,(10):11-14

本文采用文献资料、个案研究等方法,对莆田学院应用型人才培养模式下的“开放式”体育教学改革进行调查研究,旨在剖析其改革的具体方法,并提出以下建议:(1)宏观方面,建议政府出台支持政策,积极引导校企合作,建议企业依据自身需要,将相关需求的市场信息反馈给学校,实现地方社会事业、学校和企业的“三方”共赢。(2)微观方面,学校积极提升自身的“软”与“硬”实力,结合市场需求,充分利用校企合作的市场机遇,调整人才培养模式,充分运用现代信息技术,实现体育教学理念、教学内容要和方法、教学时间和空间、教学评价体系上的开放,培养满足市场需求的专业技术人才。  相似文献   

高强度间歇运动对医学生不同时长记忆力影响的重要性研究     

杨铮  张高  郝丽娜 《当代体育科技》2020,(12):19-20

社会快速发展、生活日趋便捷背景下,医学生面临着生理和心理上的问题,且医学生由于专业特殊性,认知能力中记忆力的重要性被凸显出来。本文运用查阅文献资料、专家访谈、问卷调查、逻辑分析等研究方法,探究从运动处方角度出发的实验--"高强度间歇运动对医学生不同时长记忆力的影响"具有多方面重要性。同时建议医学院校应当跟据研究结果和实际情况,制定科学、合理的运动训练计划,为医学生生理和心理健康提供保障。  相似文献   

我国少数民族传统体育在构建体育强国中的作用     

杨明 《当代体育科技》2020,(12):217-218

少数民族传统体育作为我国民族体育的重要组成部分,具有鲜明的民族性和地域性。少数民族传统体育是我国迈向体育强国的动力杠杆,起着重要的推动作用,也是实现全民健身的重要途径。当今,我国距离实现体育强国的梦想还有许多路要走,只有落实和发展好群众体育,才能更好地助推我国体育强国梦的早日实现。我国少数民族众多,体育文化丰姿多彩,当地独特厚重的体育文化资源是助推我国早日实现体育强国梦的重要支柱和保障。  相似文献